John graham



. 1." GRAHAM.

N. PETERS. PMOTCLLITIIOGKAPHER WASH @eine JOHN GRAHAM. 0F LUDLOl-V, VERMONT.

Letters 'Patent No. 70,547, dated November 5, 1867.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: l

Be it known that I, JOIN GRAHAM, of Ludlow, in the county of Windsor, and `State of Vermont, have invented a new and improved Bevel and Try-Square; and I do hereby declaro that -the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and vuse tho same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to a new andvimproved combination of a bevel and try-square, as hereinafter fully shown and described,whereby a very useful implement is obtained for carpenters and joincrs.

The invention consists in theapplieation of an index to a try-square, and also of one or more supplemental squares, and a sliding-gauge, all arranged substantially as hereinafter. shown and described. In the accompanying sheet of drawings- Figure 1 is a side view of my invention, shown adapted as a try-square and marker.

Figure 2, a. side view of the same, adapted as a gauge or calipers.

Figure 3, a s'ide view of the same, adapted for laying oif work.

Figures 4 and 5, detached views of a part pertaining to the same, to serve as a lock for a supplemental square. y

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts. t

A represents the stock and B the blade of a small T or try-square. The stock is constructed of two metal plates, between one end of which the blade B is permanently secured by n uts or otherwise. The blade B is slotted longitudinally its whole length, or it may be described as formed of two parallel parts, with a space, a, allowed between them. D is a plate, which has a rib, b, attached to it, to iit in the space-cof the blade, and-E is a set-screw, by which the plate is secured to the blade. By this arrangement the plate D may be applied to the blade with facility, and adjusted thereon at any desired point. To the lower end of plate D there is attached, by a pivot, c, a T-shaped bar,`F, the upper end of which has a toothed segment, d, secured to it, and this' sega .ment gears intoa pinion, e, onthe axis of an index, f, which traverses over a graduated circle or ring. q,

attached to the ring. l The lower part h of the bar'Ii is at right angles to the other part 7i', 'and is below the blade B, so that when the square is applied to its work, the lower edge of h is brought in contact with the sur face operated upon; and when'the latter is perfectly level, or'at right angles with .the side against which the stock of the square is placed, the index f will be in a vertical position or point to zero, X, on the graduated ring; and if said' surface is not at right angles with the side of .the work against which the' stock of the square is placed, the index f will vary accordingly, more or less, from the zero point. Thus by this simple attachment the relative position of the surface of the work operated upon wit-h the side of the work towhich the square is applied will be shown by the index f.

I In laying oif mortises, I attach a supplemental square, G,to` the stock A. This square is slotted-longitudinally, as shown at z', and a set-screw, j, passes through said slot anda corresponding slot, lc, in the stock-A of the square. In addition to this set-screw, a plate, H, is employed, as shown more particularly in figs. Vd and 5, said plate being provided at one side with two ribs, lm, and a slot, in, as shown in iig. 4. This plate H is fitted on the stock A, underneath the washer of the set-screw l7'the rib Z being tted in the slot 7c of the stock A, and the rib m iitted in the slot i of the supplemental square G. This plate holds the supplemental square inposition, and it will he seen that by relaxing the nut of the set-screw j, the supplemental square may be adjusted either upward or downward, or to the right or left. This supplemental square is useful in laying out mortiscs, the length of the mortise being given between the blade B and the supplemental square Gr. In lieu of this supplemental square a slide, I, may be used, as shown in iig. 1, said slide having one end provided with a bevelled or V-shaped notch,o, and provided at its opposite end with parallel` slots p, by which the width of the mortise may be marked out after the.length is obtained. In certain cases two rsupplemental squares may be employed, as shown 4in fig. 3, .I representing the-additional one. The two squares admit of various patterns being laid or marked out with facility. l I i n I-Iaving thus described rny invention, I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The indicator, composed of a T-shaped bar, F, connected by atoo`thed segment, d, and pinion,e, or

,eir equivalents, with an index, j; which traverses over a gruduated ring, g, all being arranged and applied to square, to operate in the manner substantially as andvfor the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of' one or more supplemental movable or adjustable squares, G J, with aT or tryuare, substantially as shown and described.

3. The slide I, provided with a bevelle'fl or V-shaped notch, o, at one end, and a series of slots, p,- at the posits end, when said slide is applied to dr used in connection with a. T or try-square, substantially ns and the purpose specified.

4. The plate H, provided with the ribs lm and slot n, whenutsiiiflV plate is used in combnation'with n. supmental square applied to a T or try-square, substantially` as and for the purpose set forth.

JOHN GRAHAM.

Witnesses:

WM. F. McNAMAnA, ALEX. F. RonnnTs. 

